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The Importance of Social Contract Theory in Modern Society
Social contract attempts to explain the formation as well as maintenance of societies or states as a result of implied contract between individuals and groups. Social contract is an intellectual tool aimed at explaining necessary relationships between individual and their government Christmanp According to Christmanp. John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau who came after Hobbes are also proponents of social contract theory which has enormously influenced political and moral theory throughout the modern west political history.
Social contract theories started from human natures desire to learn what happens on an individual when absented from political governance Christmanp.
Christmanp. Social contract ascertains that political order and law are not natural but human creation Christmanimportance of voting essays, p. According to Hobbesp. Social contract changed the state of nature. Thomas Hobbesp. In Social contract, people gave up their rights with the expectation that others would do the same for them. Hobbesp. States acted in competition with one another just the way individuals acted in state of nature as they had self interest and importance of voting essays rights.
This made them to compete with one another. States were in conflict because there was no sovereign state. Different activists gave different terms as far as social contract is concerned. Social contract was developed in early western political thought. It was seen as an intellectual expression to European political thoughts where by kings, vassal and lords, were considered in formation of political, legal and military affairs Rousseaup Social contract started by discussing kings, lords, nobles, princess and bishops duties though much later, the contract was centered on the rights an individual would look after to be protected by the state.
Some authors presented social contract as something which was historically in existence importance of voting essays debated on the collective bargain terms Rousseauimportance of voting essays, p Hence, it was employed as a device of framing what was importance of voting essays in developing the just society or state.
From the radical reformation period until mid eighteenth century, social contract idea dominated political thinking, which is evidence that political theories were derived from social contract theories. Political theorists, when framing their theory, put into account the social contract. It was thought that Social contract died after it was ridiculed by Bentham and Hume, though it has been in existence until twentieth century as an argument of rights of the state.
Social contract also appeared as a means for better understanding of the public policy which existed in the works of John Rawls, an American political philosopher.
Social contract has been used to support several western positions. It has been used as a importance of voting essays for executing the king as it was in 17 th century in England when it was used by the leaders of the Commonwealth McClellandp. Social contract could also be used as a justification for good governance.
In addition, it was termed as a form of political revolution and lastly, as a way of treating each individual the same regardless of their race, origin or color Cristop Importance of voting essays contract developed a framework for the western political philosophers to follow.
Most political philosophers used the social contract theory in framing their theory and in elaborating their political theory concept. Social contracts have had an obligation of ensuring political authority based on individual rational and self interest consent Cristoimportance of voting essays. Social contract attempts to evaluate and show the purpose and value of the organized government by comparing and contrasting the civil society and the state of nature.
It has played a role of identifying the useful government to the western communities and the best state of governance to hold. Social contract states clearly circumstances under which the state government is very crucial, through this has assisted in developing essential duties and rights of the citizens McClellandp. Social contract theory justifies the sovereign power as well as trying to protect an individual from too powerful sovereign oppression Christmanp.
Social contract has played a role in enhancing the constitution. McClellandp. A social contract theory has played major role in enhancing political democracy in western political theory. According to Dunn importance of voting essays, p28Westerners have been in a position to exercise their democracy as citizens with rights to make their own decision when voting.
Individuals have framed rights and self interest as they make their own congruent decisions. Social contract enhanced the history of freedom. Social contract facilitated rationale to the state citizens as they had better understanding of political theories by capturing the social contract concepts, importance of voting essays.
It also led to the establishment of the constitution importance of voting essays the state Cristop Social contract theories framed how the states constitution could be structured depending on the sovereign powers interest. Dunnimportance of voting essays, p. Though obedience goes hand in hand with state governance, not all political decisions require being obedience McClellandp Other people obey the law because they are forced due to fear of punishment but not because they are obliged to.
Each individual has his or her own right. One may decide to vote or not to without any one questioning them. This has been enhanced through eradication of the dictatorship regimes because each citizen through social contracts had better understanding and capturing of what their rights are, hence, their rights should be respected.
Western political theorists have predominantly been portraying the exchange and interdependence between their constitution and government through social contract model McClellandp Social contract moulds the western political theories, importance of voting essays, through contract of association, whereby, individuals sacrifice their liberty for the sake of others to join the community.
Another association exists as an agreement between the society and the government in impacting the political theories Jonesp There are three aims of government whether republic or democratic, that the government should minimize the resource necessary for maintaining order, tax revenue maximization and ensuring tight state defense. If the citizens derive from the government maximum benefits that is proportional to what government requires from them, the government acquires strength and legitimacy Jonesp.
Social contracts played a major role in determining gender participation in politics. Women were looked down upon as they were regarded as people who needed not to participate in politics. Social contract is sometimes violated, importance of voting essays, where the motives of social contract generation are frustrated with government and political parties failing to neutralize the discomfort. Western countries have fully benefitted politically from social contract.
Social contract has enhanced formation of political parties, democracy, obedience of the law, proper governance and even law formation Rousseaup. Social contract has also impacted political theories as they were framed based on social contract theories. Thus, social contracts have had a congruent impact to the western political theory Jonesp.
Though social contract has played a major role in moral and political theory, it has experienced criticism importance of voting essays, feminists and philosophers who are conscious to race consider it as an incomplete symbol to moral and political theory as they see it as a way of camouflaging, hence, the contract importance of voting essays seen as discriminative in nature.
Especially when social contract discriminates against women politically, terming them as unworthy and unable to make crucial political decisions. Therefore, social contract has played major role in shaping western political theory.
Christman, J. Social and Political Philosophy: a Contemporary Introduction. London: Routledge. Dunn, J. Western Political Theory in the Face of the Futuru. London: Cambridge University press. Jones, T. Modern Political Thinkers and ideas: a Historical Introduction. Kelly, J. The Social Contract from Hobbes to Rawls. New York, NY: Routeledge Publisher. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by professional specifically for you?
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Sep 10, · Today the importance of social contract theory in developing democratic ideas is undeniable. The Thomas Hobbes's theory is discussed in the essay with examples. Westerners have been in a position to exercise their democracy as citizens with rights to make their own decision when voting. Individuals have framed rights and self interest as In business management, a team is said to a group of people who work together while depending in each other together with cooperating each other in order to satisfy to accomplish common objective or goal.A team can be create to achieve long term and/or short term objectives. For example a team for product development will last more longer to achieve planning and operational objectives Nov 18, · IDHE’s National Study of Learning, Voting, and Engagement is the nation’s largest study of college and university student voting. Institutions must opt in to the study, and at this time, nearly 1, campuses of all types—community colleges, research universities, minority-serving and women’s colleges, state universities, and private
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